Cyst Disease

Cyst Disease, polycystic ovary disease, is a condition where the ovaries are small elements (cysts) that affect the fertility of women that he could not get pregnant.

A. Cause

Cysts affect women's menstrual cycle due to hormonal system is disturbed. Naturally, the hormone would regulate the growth of eggs in the ovaries. Medical has not been able to clearly explain how the hormonal cycles of women with impaired.

However, numerous studies continue to be done to solve this medical case that the number of patients the cyst can be reduced.

Such follicles are sacs within the ovaries that contain eggs. In the case of cysts, follicles in the ovaries are few. Eggs in the follicles do not mature, so it cannot get into the ovary. Instead, crystals will form in the ovaries.

This has led to a barren woman. The follicles are not mature and the inability to distribute the egg (ovulation) seems to be the cause of the low number of follicle stimulating hormone (HSF), exceeding the content of androgens in the ovaries.

A woman who was diagnosed with cysts usually aged around 20-30 years. Usually women who have cysts, if traced his family tree, there are mothers or grandmothers who have symptoms similar cysts.


B. The symptoms

Women who have cysts in the ovaries will experience the following symptoms:

A. Having irregular periods, abnormal, and meeting periodically
2. There is a period of absence, usually (but not always) occurs after one or more normal menstrual periods
3. Severe acne and is very annoying
4. Breast size shrinks
5. Experienced growth in male characteristics (virilization), such as growing hair all over his body and face, voice turned hard and deep, cilitorus size bigger.
6. Diabetes
7. Hair becomes thicker like a man
8. Barren or have no offspring despite having to treatment
9. The content of the hormone insulin is very little
10. Overweight, obesity

C. These tests can be done to determine whether a woman has a cyst in the ovaries:

A. Abdominal ultrasound
2. Abdominal MRI
3. Biopsy of the ovary
4. Estrogen levels
5. Fasting glucose and insulin levels
6. FSH levels
7. Male hormone (testosterone) levels
8. Urine 17-ketosteroids
9. Vaginal ultrasounds

Blood tests are performed:

* Pregnancy test (serum HCG)
* Proactin levels
* Throd function test


D. Care

Treatment for cysts depends on the female patient's symptoms.

A. Birth control pills
2. Clomiphene citrate
3. Flutamide
4. Spironolactone

Treatment with clomiphene citrate causes the pituitary gland would increase the production of HSF. This will help the egg to mature and can be streamed to the ovary. Many times a woman needs strong drugs to trigger pregnancy.

For women who have cysts, they also-risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Therefore treatment with glucophane (metformin) will be given to make the cells more sensitive to produce insulin, which causes the normal process of ovulation.

Losing weight with a diet will greatly help to reduce the high levels of insulin in the blood.


E. Complications caused by the cyst

A. Risk of endometrial cancer
2. Infertility
3. Something to do with obesity: elevated blood pressure
4. Diabetes
5. Risk of breast cancer